Bulgarian has short, unstressed words — "ме, те, го, я, ми, ти, му, ѝ, се, си, ли"
and the forms of "съм"
. They lean on a neighbour and follow strict rules:
- Never first in the sentence.
"Виждам го."
— I see him (not"Го виждам"
). But:"Аз го виждам."
,"Не го виждам."
- Before the verb if something else comes first:
"Ще го купя."
— I'll buy it."Не ме боли."
— It doesn't hurt. - Order in a group:
"не"
/"ще"
→ to whom → whom → verb: "Ще ти го дам." — I'll give it to you."се"
and"си"
take the same slot:"Ще се видим."
"ли"
comes right after the word you ask about:"Виждаш ли го?"
— Do you see him?
Tip: learn whole blocks by heart — "Дай ми го!" (Give it to me!), "Казвам се Иван."
, "Не го зная."
| на кого? | кого? | |
|---|---|---|
| аз | ми | ме |
| ти | ти | те |
| той / то | му | го |
| тя | ѝ | я |
| ние | ни | ни |
| вие | ви | ви |
| те | им | ги |
Examples
Познаваш ли Мария? — Да, познавам я.
Do you know Maria? — Yes, I know her.
Не го виждам никъде.
I can't see him anywhere.
Ще ти го дам утре.
I'll give it to you tomorrow.
Може ли да ми дадете менюто?
Could you give me the menu?
Книгата ли? Вече ти я дадох.
The book? I already gave it to you.
Quick quiz
Choose the correct sentence ("I see him"):
Виждам го.
"го"can never start a sentence.
"I'll give it to you" — which is correct?
Ще ти го дам.
Order:"ще"→ to whom (
"ти") → whom (
"го") → verb.
Не ___ виждам.
го
After"не"use the short form:
"Не го виждам".
Виждаш ___ го?
ли
"ли"comes right after the verb you ask about.
"Се казвам Иван."
is correct Bulgarian.
False
"се"can't come first:
"Казвам се Иван."