B1 · Unit 5
He said that…
You'll pass on someone else's words: what they said, asked or asked you to do.
New words
to say
"Казва, че…"
— now or regularly; "каза, че…"
— once, in the past.
to ask
For a question — "питам"
; for a favour — "моля"
, "помоля"
.
to ask
whether
A "ли" question becomes "дали"
: "Ще дойдеш ли?"
→ "Попита дали ще дойда."
to explain
to share
"Сподели с мен, че…"
= told me something personal.
to promise
to ask
You ask someone to do something: "Помоли ме да му помогна."
to warn
to answer
pass on
"Ще му предам."
— I'll pass it on to him.
voice message
word for word
to say
In the past "ж" turns into "з": "казах"
.
обаждам сеobazhdam secall
You call "на" someone: "обаждам се на мама"
.
message
boss
Very common in speech. More formal: "ръководител"
.
What did the boss say?
Petya, a colleague
Здравей! Бях на зъболекар и изпуснах срещата. Какво каза шефът?
Hi! I was at the dentist and missed the meeting. What did the boss say?
Каза, че от следващия месец всеки петък ще работим от вкъщи.
He said that from next month we'll work from home every Friday.
Petya, a colleague
Супер новина! А попита ли нещо за моя проект?
Great news! And did he ask anything about my project?
Да, попита дали ще го приключиш до края на месеца.
Yes, he asked whether you'll finish it by the end of the month.
Petya, a colleague
Хм, трудно. А за новия колега, който започва следващия понеделник?
Hmm, that’s hard. And what about the new colleague who starts next Monday?
Обясни, че Марин започва в понеделник, и ни помоли да му помогнем.
He explained that Marin starts on Monday and asked us to help him.
Petya, a colleague
Ясно. Друго?
Got it. Anything else?
Предупреди ни, че в сряда няма да има интернет цял ден.
He warned us there won't be any internet all day on Wednesday.
Petya, a colleague
Мерси, че ми предаде всичко! Ще му пиша за проекта.
Thanks for passing it all on! I'll write to him about the project.
Grammar
Statements use "че"
; questions use "дали"
or a question word; requests use "да"
. Bulgarian does not automatically shift tense backwards. Adjust the person and words like "tomorrow" to who is speaking and when.
Иван каза, че е болен и няма да дойде на работа.
Ivan said he was ill and wouldn't come to work.
Шефът попита дали отчетът е готов.
The boss asked whether the report was ready.
Елена ме помоли да ѝ поливам цветята, докато я няма.
Elena asked me to water her plants while she's away.
"да"construction
Messages for Maria
Мария се върна от командировка в неделя вечерта. Съквартирантката ѝ Вера я посрещна с чаша чай и дълъг списък. „Докато те нямаше, няколко души те търсиха“, каза Вера. „Първо се обади майка ти. Каза, че баба ти е по-добре, и те помоли да ѝ звъннеш утре. След това хазяинът попита дали може да дойде в сряда да оправи бойлера. Обясних му, че си на работа до шест, и той обеща да дойде след шест.“ Мария записа всичко в телефона си и стана от масата, но Вера я спря: „Чакай, още не съм свършила!“ „А, и Ники ти остави гласово съобщение“, продължи Вера. „После се обади и на мен. Сподели, че се мести в Пловдив и ще прави прощален купон в събота. Предупреди, че ще има много хора, и попита дали можеш да донесеш от твоята баница.“ Мария се засмя: „Ники винаги казва, че моята баница е най-вкусната в София.“ Накрая Вера я попита дали е гладна. Мария отговори, че е много уморена и иска само да спи.
Maria came back from a business trip on Sunday evening. Her flatmate Vera met her with a cup of tea and a long list. "While you were away, several people were looking for you," said Vera. "First your mum called. She said your grandma is better and asked you to phone her tomorrow. Then the landlord asked whether he could come on Wednesday to fix the boiler. I explained that you're at work until six, and he promised to come after six." Maria wrote everything down in her phone and got up from the table, but Vera stopped her: "Wait, I haven't finished yet!" "Oh, and Niki left you a voice message," Vera went on. "Then she called me too. She told me she's moving to Plovdiv and is throwing a farewell party on Saturday. She warned that there'll be lots of people and asked whether you could bring some of your banitsa." Maria laughed: "Niki always says my banitsa is the tastiest in Sofia." Finally Vera asked her whether she was hungry. Maria answered that she was very tired and just wanted to sleep.
Examples
Майка ми винаги казва, че няма нужда да бързам.
My mum always says there's no need to hurry.
Попитах я къде работи, но тя не ми отговори.
I asked her where she works, but she didn't answer me.
Лекарят ми обясни, че трябва да пия много вода.
The doctor explained that I have to drink a lot of water.
Приятелят ми сподели, че си търси нова работа.
My friend told me he's looking for a new job.
Обещаха, че пратката ще пристигне до петък.
They promised the parcel would arrive by Friday.
Съседката ни предупреди, че утре няма да има вода.
Our neighbour warned us there would be no water tomorrow.
Ще му предам, че сте се обадили.
I'll tell him you called.
Остави ми гласово съобщение, но не го чух.
He left me a voice message, but I didn't hear it.
Не помня дума по дума какво каза, но главното е, че ще дойде.
I don't remember word for word what she said, but the main thing is that she's coming.